Пол Экман - все книги по циклам и сериям | Книги по порядку

Facial Action Coding System (FACS) is the most widely used and versatile method for measuring and describing facial behaviors. Paul Ekman and W.V. Friesen developed the original FACS in the 1970s by determining how the contraction of each facial muscle (singly and in combination with other muscles) changes the appearance of the face. They examined videotapes of facial behavior to identify the specific changes that occurred with muscular contractions and how best to differentiate one from another. They associated the appearance changes with the action of muscles that produced them by studying anatomy, reproducing the appearances, and palpating their faces. Their goal was to create a reliable means for skilled human scorers to determine the category or categories in which to fit each facial behavior. The FACS Manual was first published in a loose-leaf version with video or film supplements in 1978.

FACS measurement units are Action Units (AUs), not muscles, for two reasons. First, for a few appearances, more than one muscle was combined into a single AU because the changes in appearance they produced could not be distinguished. Second, the appearance changes produced by one muscle were sometimes separated into two or more AUs to represent relatively independent actions of different parts of the muscle. (After all, facial muscles were identified and named by anatomists, not behavioral psychologists.)

A FACS coder "dissects" an observed expression, decomposing it into the specific AUs that produced the movement. The scores for a facial expression consist of the list of AUs that produced it. Duration, intensity, and asymmetry can also be recorded.

FACS scores are descriptive only, and provide no implications about the meaning of the behavior. Analysis of the data can use only these raw FACS scores, or the scores can be translated into more psychologically meaningful concepts by techniques such as FACSAID, a database interpretation system available to researchers.

Ekman Telling ?lies? – Clues To Deceit In The Marketplace Politics & Marriage

Using scores of photographs of faces that reflect the emotions of surprise, fear, disgust, anger, happiness, and sadness, the authors of UNMASKING THE FACE explain how to identify correctly these basic emotions and how to tell when people try to mask, simulate, or neutralize them. In addition, it features several practical exercises that will help actors, teachers, salesmen, counselors, nurses, and physicians--and everyone else who deals with people--to become adept, perceptive readers of the facial expressions of emotion.

?Qu? hace que se disparen las emociones? ?Es posible controlarlas? ?Por qu? unas veces somos m?s susceptibles que otras? ?Por qu? algunas personas saben enmascarar sus emociones y otras no pueden ocultarlas? Las emociones desempe?an un papel vital en nuestras relaciones con los dem?s y Paul Ekman nos invita a realizar un viaje fascinante a trav?s de ellas: nos explica cu?ndo y por qu? expresamos lo que sentimos, qu? cambios se producen en el interior de nuestro cuerpo y qu? se?ales emitimos a trav?s del lenguaje de los gestos y de la voz.

Дети врут часто и в разных ситуациях, иногда это просто фантазии, которые взрослые принимают за ложь, иногда это попытка похвастаться или приписать себе чужие заслуги, иногда это ложь от страха или "ложь во благо". Пол Экман рассказывает родителям, почему и в каком возрасте дети начинают лгать, как меняется их ложь по мере взросления, и как ребенок учится обращаться со своей ложью, обходя совесть.

Вашему вниманию предлагается комплект из 2 книг: Пол Экман "Узнай лжеца по выражению лица" (серия "Сам себе психолог"), Джудит Хипскинд "Хиромантия. Печать индивидуальности".