Лучшие книги Элинор Остром

Проблема управления природными ресурсами, которыми совместно пользуется большое число людей, привлекает пристальное внимание специалистов по разработке экономической политики. Для решения этой проблемы обычно предлагается либо государственное регулирование, либо приватизация таких ресурсов. Но ни государство, ни рынок не продемонстрировали однозначно успешных результатов в этой области. После критического анализа основ доминирующего подхода к оценке экономической политики в отношении природных ресурсов автор излагает уникальный корпус эмпирических данных, полученных в результате исследования условий, при которых проблемы ресурсов общего…

Book Description The analysis of how institutions are formed, how they operate and change, and how they influence behavior in society has become a major subject of inquiry in politics, sociology, and economics. A leader in applying game theory to

Explores ways that the tragedy of the commons can be avoided by people who use common-property resources

The governance of natural resources used by many individuals in common is an issue of increasing concern to policy analysts. Both state control and privatization of resources have been advocated, but neither the state nor the market have been uniformly successful in solving common pool resource problems. After critiquing the foundations of policy analysis as applied to natural resources, Elinor Ostrom here provides a unique body of empirical data to explore conditions under which common pool resource problems have been satisfactorily or unsatisfactorily solved. Dr. Ostrom first describes three models most frequently used as the foundation for recommending state or market solutions. She then outlines theoretical and empirical alternatives to these models in order to illustrate the diversity of possible solutions. In the following chapters she uses institutional analysis to examine different ways--both successful and unsuccessful--of governing the commons. In contrast to the proposition of the tragedy of the commons argument, common pool problems sometimes are solved by voluntary organizations rather than by a coercive state. Among the cases considered are communal tenure in meadows and forests, irrigation communities and other water rights, and fisheries.

In the latter part of the 20th century, humans are doing a particularly poor job of managing natural resources in a sustainable way over the long term. Institutions, Ecosystems, and Sustainability focuses on long-term, sustainable natural resource