Oumer Wabe — новинки

1745 recorded data were used to generate reproductive and productive traits of Holstein Friesian cows. The overall mean for reproductive traits were 43.14 ± 1.7 months, 514.33 ± 23.44 days, 236.71± 23.96 days, 1.30± 0.24 services, and 8.18± 0.4 years for Age at FC, CI, DO, NSPC, and longevity, respectively. The overall mean for productive traits was 8.54 ± 0.28 kg, 2685.46± 98.56 kg, and 342±15.61 days for DMY, LMY, and LL, respectively. Season of calving significantly affected P>0.05 all productive traits. Cows that calved during the short rainy season performed better, but season of birth had no effect on both productive and reproductive traits. Similarly, season of insemination had no effect on NSPC. DMY, LMY and reproductive traits were significantly affected P>0.001 by year of birth. Year of calving and parity also significantly affected P>0.001 all productive and reproductive traits. But NSPC did not affect by year of insemination and parity. The CI, DO, DMY, and LMY were relatively better at 5th parity and decreases thereafter. Therefore, in resource limited area management practices should be persistent to avoid seasonal and annual variability in animal production.

Poultry production is an increasingly important agricultural industry in the world. Rhode Island Red was distributed by improved poultry multiplication and distribution centers to local farmers. However no attempts have been recorded to evaluate the performance of exotic breed under local farmer‘s condition. The accurate performance of Rhode Island Red under local farmer’s management condition and its advantage over local chickens has not yet been fully studied. This study explore Rhode Island Red and local chicken‘s management practices, evaluate their reproduction and production performances and determine the utilization and marketing aspect.

To test the accuracy of 30-day TIM with 15 and 45-day TIM of milk recording to estimate the lactation yield and to measure the effect of genetic group, parity and season of calving on the accuracy, 1220 lactation records of Friesian x Arsi cows were utilized. The lactation yield was estimated for lactation length of 210-305 days. The accuracy was measured in terms of absolute difference and percentage difference between actual and estimated yield. The study revealed that 15, 30 and 45-day time interval can estimate lactation yield accurately to extent of less than five percent bias irrespective of genetic group and parity. The season of calving significantly (P 0.05) affected the percentage difference in 15-day TIM. The lactation yield estimated by 15-day TIM was more accurate with high R2 value 99.62%. The regression analysis indicated that actual yield of 9th period in 15-day, 5th period in 30-day and 3rd period in 45-day TIM predicted reliable estimate of 305-day yield. Thus 30 and 45-day time interval methods of recording can be used in estimation of lactation yield in crossbred cows irrespective of season of calving and parity.

A sample of 1325 sheep and 979 goats from three selected agro-ecologies and 1432 skins from two tanneries were taken to conduct a cross-sectional study from October to April to determine the prevalence of ectoparasites in sheep and goats, investigating the effect of risk factors on prevalence distribution and assessing the pickled and wet blue skin defects. The results of examination indicated that 48.1% sheep and 49.7% goats were infested. The prevalence of ectoparasites in lowlands, midlands and highlands were, respectively 38.5%, 47.3% and 52.9% in sheep and 49.5%, 564.5% and 33.0% in goats. Statistically significant difference (p > 0.05) was observed in prevalence of D. ovis among agro-ecologies (highland 36.6%, midland 20.9% and lowland 14.0%) and M. ovinus between midland 1.9% and highlands 31.7%. The risk of tick infestation of sheep in lowland and midland was 9.883 times and 13.988 times, respectively higher than highlands.716 pickled sheep skins and 716 wet blue goat skins showed cockle was the second dominant defect both on pickled skins 60.2% and wet blue skins 45.1%. The overall findings of the study indicate the need of strategic ectoparasites control program.